Rome, known as the “Eternal City,” is a fascinating destination that attracts millions of visitors each year with its rich history, art and culture.
Every corner of the city tells a story, and every monument represents a piece of this incredible mosaic.
If you are planning a visit to Rome, you cannot miss these major monuments that embody the glory of the past and the vitality of the present.
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MAIN MONUMENTS OF ROME
1. The Colosseum
The Colosseum is probably the most famous monument in Rome.
Built between AD 70 and 80, this amphitheater was the site of numerous public spectacles, including gladiator fights, wild animal hunts, and theatrical performances.
With a capacity of about 50,000 spectators, the Colosseum represents an extraordinary example of Roman engineering and architecture.
Today, it is one of the most visited tourist sites in the world and an undisputed symbol of the city.
2. The Pantheon
The Pantheon, with its iconic oculus and majestic dome, is another must-see monument.
Built around 118-125 AD at the behest of Emperor Hadrian, the Pantheon was originally a temple dedicated to all the deities of ancient Rome.
Later, in the 7th century, it was converted into a Christian church, known today as the Basilica of Santa Maria ad Martyres.
Its architecture is surprisingly well preserved, and its dome remains the largest unreinforced concrete dome ever built.
3. St. Peter’s Basilica
Located in the Vatican State, St. Peter’s Basilica is one of the largest and most important churches in the Christian world.
The present basilica was begun in 1506 and completed in 1626, replacing an older church that dated back to the fourth century.
The Michelangelo-designed dome is one of the most distinctive elements of the Roman skyline.
Inside, priceless works of art, including Michelangelo’s Pieta and Bernini’s Baldacchino, welcome visitors to an atmosphere of great spirituality and beauty.
MAIN MONUMENTS OF ROME
4. The Trevi Fountain
The Trevi Fountain is one of Rome’s most famous monuments, famous for its beauty and for the tradition of tossing a coin into the fountain to ensure one’s return to the city.
Built in 1762 to a design by Nicola Salvi, the fountain is a masterpiece of Roman Baroque, depicting Neptune, god of the sea, surrounded by tritons and sea horses.
Its majesty and romantic atmosphere make it a must-see for any visit to Rome.
5. The Roman Forum
The Roman Forum was the political, religious and commercial center of ancient Rome.
Today, the ruins of temples, basilicas, and other public buildings offer a fascinating insight into life in the ancient city.
Walking through the ruins of the Forum is like taking a trip back in time, where you can imagine the daily activities, religious processions, and political assemblies that once animated this place.
6. The Sistine Chapel
The Sistine Chapel, located in the Apostolic Palace in Vatican City, is famous for Michelangelo’s breathtaking frescoes, particularly the ceiling and the Last Judgment on the altar wall.
Built between 1473 and 1481, the chapel is used for important religious ceremonies, including the conclave for the election of the Pope.
The magnificence of the frescoes, with biblical scenes and figures of prophets and sibyls, leaves every visitor speechless.
7. Castel Sant’Angelo
Originally built as a mausoleum for Emperor Hadrian in the second century A.D., Castel Sant’Angelo has served multiple functions over the centuries, including as a fortress and papal residence.
Today, the castle houses a museum that tells its long and fascinating history.
The terrace offers spectacular panoramic views of the city of Rome and the Tiber River.
8. Navona Square
Piazza Navona is one of the most beautiful and lively squares in Rome. Built on the site of Domitian’s Stadium, the square is famous for its Baroque fountains, especially Bernini’s Fountain of the Four Rivers. Surrounded by cafes, restaurants and historic buildings, Piazza Navona is a great place to relax and enjoy Rome’s unique atmosphere.
MAIN MONUMENTS OF ROME
9. Spanish Steps and Trinità dei Monti
Piazza di Spagna, with its famous Spanish Steps, Trinità dei Monti, is one of the most iconic places in Rome. The staircase, built in the 18th century, leads to the Trinità dei Monti church, from which there is a splendid view of the city. The square is a popular meeting place for tourists and locals, and is home to the Fountain of the Barcaccia, the work of Bernini’s father.
10. The Capitol
The Capitol, one of the seven hills on which Rome was founded, is now the seat of the City of Rome. Designed by Michelangelo in the 16th century, the Capitol complex includes the Piazza del Campidoglio, the Palazzo Senatorio, the Palazzo dei Conservatori and the Palazzo Nuovo, which house the Capitoline Museums. The square, with its geometric pavement and equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, is an outstanding example of Renaissance urban planning.
11. The Baths of Caracalla
The Baths of Caracalla are one of the grandest and best-preserved bath complexes in ancient Rome. Opened in 216 AD, these public baths could accommodate up to 1,600 bathers at once. The ruins, which include mosaics, columns and imposing wall structures, offer a fascinating glimpse into the social and cultural life of ancient Rome.
12. The Circus Maximus
The Circus Maximus, located between the Palatine and the Aventine, was the largest stadium in ancient Rome, used mainly for chariot races. With a capacity of more than 150,000 spectators, the Circus Maximus was a mass entertainment venue. Today, the area is a large green space where traces of the ancient track can still be seen.
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